Profit%, Loss%, Discount & Marked Price explained through a friendly whiteboard conversation, examples, visuals, and practice for school students.
Step 1
Notes
Step 2
Formulae
Step 3
Examples
Step 4
Practice
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Profit percentage and loss percentage compare profit or loss with cost price.
Discount compares a reduction with the marked price.
These ideas help students understand sale prices, offers, bills, and commercial maths questions.
Profit and loss are often written as percentages. This makes it easier to compare different transactions.
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Marked price is the price printed or listed before discount. It is often shortened to MP.
Discount is a reduction from marked price. Selling price after discount is lower than marked price.
Discount percentage is calculated on marked price, not cost price.
Meaning: Profit percentage shows profit as a part of cost price.
Definition: Profit percentagrofiP x 100.
If Cs 500 and profis 100, profit percentag x %.
Meaning: Loss percentage shows loss as a part of cost price.
Definition: Loss percentagosP x 100.
If Cs 800 and loss 80, loss percentag x %.
Meaning: Marked price is the listed price before discount.
Definition: Marked price, or MP, is the price shown on the item before discount.
If a shirt label says Rs 1200, its marked price is Rs 1200.
Meaning: Discount is the amount reduced from marked price.
Definition: Discounarked pricelling price.
If Ms 1000 and Ss 850, discouns 150.
Easy
Question: An item is bought for Rs 400 and sold for Rs 500. Find the profit percentage.
Medium
Question: A bag marked Rs 900 is sold at a discount of 10%. Find the selling price.
Exam-level
Question: A cycle bought for Rs 3000 is sold for Rs 2700. Find the loss percentage.
Calculating profit percentage on SP
Why it happens: Selling price appears at the end of the transaction.
Correct approach: Profit and loss percentages are calculated on CP.
Calculating discount on CP
Why it happens: Cost price and marked price are mixed.
Correct approach: Discount percentage is calculated on MP.
Adding discount to marked price
Why it happens: Discount is treated like extra cost.
Correct approach: Discount is subtracted from marked price.
Forgetting to find profit or loss first
Why it happens: The percentage formula is used too quickly.
Correct approach: First find profit or loss, then calculate the percentage.
Is discount calculated on cost price?
No. Discount is calculated on marked price.
Is profit percentage calculated on selling price?
No. It is calculated on cost price.
What is marked price?
Marked price is the listed price before discount.
Practise the same concept from this article. Your student profile may guide entitlement and follop recommendations, but it does not replace this concept.
Meaning: The final price after reducing the discount.
Definition: Selling pricarked priciscount.
If Ms 600 and discouns 90, Ss 510.